{"id":7532,"date":"2026-07-25T13:46:09","date_gmt":"2026-07-25T10:46:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.icl-international.ru\/caucasica\/?page_id=7532"},"modified":"2026-10-07T05:51:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T02:51:04","slug":"%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%86%d0%b0","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.icl-international.ru\/caucasica\/?page_id=7532","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0412\u0418\u0414\u0415\u041e \u041a\u0420\u0418\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0410 <\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0410\u0423\u0414\u0418\u041e-\u0413\u0418\u0414 \u041a\u0420\u0418\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0410<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0412\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 – \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0432\u0430 \u0422\u0443\u0442\u044b\u043d\u0438\u043d, \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0410\u0439\u0441\u0438\u044d\u043b\u044c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f: \u041e\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430 \u041b\u044c\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434 , \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f \u0441. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u043f\u043e-\u041e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u2116 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u2116 12, \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434 \u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f \u0441. \u0414\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434 \u0428\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430, \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f \u0441. \u041f\u0448\u0430\u0434\u044b, \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u2116 20<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u2116 7 \u0441. \u041a\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u041f\u0438\u0445 \u0410\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434 \u041d\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u044f \u041a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430 (\u0441. \u041f\u0448\u0430\u0434\u0430, \u0411\u0435\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0421\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0413\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u042e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0412\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0443 \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0443. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0421\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u0413\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0421\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0431\u043e \u042e\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0421\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0420\u0413\u041e \u0413\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0418\u0418. \u0421\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u044c\u044f \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443 \u0425\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e, \u041d\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u041a\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u041c\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0425\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0421\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u041b\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0414\u0418\u0417\u0410\u0419\u041d\u0415\u0420\u042b \u0418 \u0410\u0412\u0422\u041e\u0420\u042b \u041b\u041e\u0413\u041e\u0422\u0418\u041f\u041e\u0412 \u041f\u041e\u0421\u0415\u041b\u041a\u041e\u0412<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u042e\u043b\u0438\u044f \u041e\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0415\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041a\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0414\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u044c\u044f\u043d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0430<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0415\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0424\u041e\u0422\u041e\u0413\u0420\u0410\u0424\u042b , \u0412\u0418\u0414\u0415\u041e-\u0421\u042a\u0415\u041c\u041a\u0410 \u0418 \u041c\u041e\u041d\u0422\u0410\u0416<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u042e\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0422\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u043a\u0430\u044f \u041a\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041e\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430 \u0427\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u041b\u0430\u043f\u0448\u0438\u043d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041f\u0430\u043e\u043b\u043e \u041c\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0418\u0418-\u0413\u0415\u041d\u0415\u0420\u0410\u0426\u0418\u042f <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0411\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0445 (\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u041f\u0430\u043e\u043b\u043e \u041c\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0412\u041e\u0417\u0420\u0410\u0421\u0422\u041d\u0410\u042f \u041a\u0410\u0422\u0415\u0413\u041e\u0420\u0418\u042f 6+<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u041e \u041a\u0420\u0418\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0415<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u041a\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0432 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u041e\u0431 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u2014 \u043c\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041a IV\u2013II \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0434\u043e \u043d. \u044d. \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u2014 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0443\u044d\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0446\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0451\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 1886 \u0433\u043e\u0434, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0438\u043d \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0415\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438\u043d \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u044e \u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u041f\u0448\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0443, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u0442\u044f\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0443\u044e \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044f\u043c. \u041d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u041a\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u00bb \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0441 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0415\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u00ab\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438\u00bb: \u0435\u0451 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u041b\u0435\u0432 \u0422\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041d\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0437\u043c, \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u044b\u043c, \u0438 \u043a 1920 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0417\u043d\u0430\u043c\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\u00bb. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0434\u044b, \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u041a\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c: \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0451\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u00ab\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e \u041a\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0421\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u041a\u0410\u041a \u041c\u042b \u0421\u041d\u0418\u041c\u0410\u041b\u0418<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

\u0418\u0418-\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 – \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0430<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412\u0418\u0414\u0415\u041e \u041a\u0420\u0418\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0410 \u0410\u0423\u0414\u0418\u041e-\u0413\u0418\u0414 \u041a\u0420\u0418\u041d\u0418\u0426\u0410 \u0412\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 – \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0432\u0430 \u0422\u0443\u0442\u044b\u043d\u0438\u043d, \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0410\u0439\u0441\u0438\u044d\u043b\u044c \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f: \u041e\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430 \u041b\u044c\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434 , \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f \u0441. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u043f\u043e-\u041e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u2116 16. \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u2116 12, \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434 \u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f \u0441. \u0414\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434 \u0428\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430, \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f \u0441. \u041f\u0448\u0430\u0434\u044b, \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u2116 20 \u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7533,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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